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Gun primers - percussion and electro-percussion primers for gun and howitzer calibres / calibers

The primer line items belong to the KT and KT-EU designation families. KT M1, KT M02, KT M28A2, KT M28P1, KT M71 and KT M82P2 are percussion primers; KT-EU M84 is an electro-percussion primer that also records a 20 V pulse and a firing circuit of 1 to 3.6 ohms. Every entry names the powder as black powder N°1 or N°7, gives the powder mass, the primer mass, the height and the diameter, and states the energy at which action is recorded, a figure that falls between 1.04 J and 2.1 J across the seven.

Line items
7

Models and specifications

KT M28P1 percussion gun primer
KT M28P1

KT M28P1 percussion gun primer

A mechanical percussion gun primer made of brass, intended for assembling 105 mm HE M1, 105 mm WP M60 and 105 mm illuminating M314A4 ammunition.

Primer type
percussion, mechanical
Minimal conditions for action (J)
1.121
Mean operating pressure of powder gases (bar)
2305
KT M82P2 percussion gun primer
KT M82P2

KT M82P2 percussion gun primer

A mechanical percussion gun primer intended for assembling 155 mm ammunition, firing at a minimum activation energy of 1.04 J.

Primer type
percussion, mechanical
Minimum energy needed for activation (J)
1.04
Maximum energy needed for non-activation (J)
0.29
KT-EU M84 electro-percussion gun primer
KT-EU M84

KT-EU M84 electro-percussion gun primer

An electro-percussion gun primer intended for initiating the base charge, working either on 2.1 J impact energy or through a firing circuit of 1 to 3.6 ohms resistance.

Primer type
electro-percussion
Minimum conditions for action - impact energy (J)
2.1
Voltage and current-pulse duration
20 V / 0.004 s
Percussion gun primer KT M02
KT M02

Percussion gun primer KT M02

Mechanical percussion gun primer charged with 23.6 g of black powder, up to 290 mm long and developing a mean powder gas working pressure of 2650 bar.

Primer type
percussion, mechanical
Minimum conditions for action (J)
1.121
Mean working pressure of powder gases (bar)
2650
Percussion gun primer KT M1
KT M1

Percussion gun primer KT M1

Mechanical percussion gun primer charged with 6.3 g of black powder, up to 94.24 mm high with a 15.75 mm rim diameter and a mass of 69 g.

Primer type
percussion, mechanical
Minimal conditions for action (J)
1.121
Primer height (mm)
max 94.24
Percussion gun primer KT M28A2
KT M28A2

Percussion gun primer KT M28A2

Mechanical percussion gun primer charged with 19.4 g of black powder, up to 260.6 mm long and developing a mean powder gas working pressure of 2305 bar.

Primer type
percussion, mechanical
Minimum conditions for action (J)
1.121
Mean working pressure of powder gases (bar)
2305
Percussion gun primer KT M71
KT M71

Percussion gun primer KT M71

Airtight percussion gun primer for initiating the propellant charge of 57 mm, 76 mm, 85 mm, 100 mm, 122 mm, 130 mm and 152 mm gun and howitzer ammunition, safe in all conditions of transport, storage and use.

Primer type
percussion
Minimal conditions for action - impact energy (J)
2.065
Primer height (mm)
max 23.9

How a gun primer is specified in tender documents

A primer annex names the primer type, the minimum energy at which action is recorded, the powder grade and its mass, the overall height and diameter, the thread where one is fitted, and the operating temperature. These seven records follow that order, with percussion or electro-percussion as the type and black powder N°1 or N°7 as the grade. Four of them add a working pressure figure for the powder gases.

Designation families and what varies by model

KT covers the percussion primers and KT-EU the electro-percussion one. Recorded primer masses run from 33 g for KT M82P2 to 155 g for KT M02, powder charges from 1.35 g to 23.6 g, and heights from a maximum of 23.9 mm for KT M71 to a maximum of 290 mm for KT M02. Threads appear as SpW 5/8 in - 18 2A and SpW 27.178 x 14 pitches; the remaining entries state a rim or overall diameter instead.

Questions about this equipment

Which ammunition do the primer entries name?

KT M28P1 names 105 mm HE M1, 105 mm WP M60 and 105 mm illuminating M314A4. KT M82P2 names 155 mm ammunition. KT M71 names 57 mm, 76 mm, 85 mm, 100 mm, 122 mm, 130 mm and 152 mm gun and howitzer applications. The remaining four entries are listed without an ammunition list.

What operating temperature is recorded?

KT M02, KT M1, KT M28A2, KT M71 and KT-EU M84 each record an operating temperature of -30 to +50 deg C. KT M28P1 and KT M82P2 are listed without a temperature figure and carry instead their powder gas pressure values of 2305 bar and under 3500 bar.